Mitochondria-ATP

Verifiable Science

CoQ₁₀ is a component of the mitochondria and plays a key role in the synthesis of ATP. B vitamins are important cofactors needed to fuel the Krebs cycle, while optimal serum levels of magnesium are associated with healthy mitochondrial metabolism and nutrient transport.¹ Nicotinamide riboside chloride (NR) is precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a key driver of cellular energy production.^2-7 Some evidence suggests that NAD+ declines with age in humans.^6,8 NAD+ activates SIRT1, an epigenetic switch that regulates metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, cellular energy production and cellular longevity.^4-7 Higher NAD+ levels are associated with healthy mitochondrial function.^5,6 Acetyl-l-carnitine provides carnitine to transport long chain fatty acids into the mitochondria for energy as well as an acetyl group for the synthesis of the Krebs cycle precursor acetyl-CoA.⁷ Highly pure creatine monohydrate helps enhance the production of the ATP by adding a phosphate group during its formation.⁸ This formula provides antioxidant support with vitamins C and E, as well as resveratrol, alpha lipoic acid and N-acetyl-l-cysteine. Antioxidants neutralize the free radicals generated during energy production in the mitochondria. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, the combination of creatine, CoQ₁₀ and alpha lipoic acid supported energy production and antioxidant status within the mitochondria.^{9 ‡}